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DNA structure has many potential places where endogenous compounds and xenobiotics can bind. Therefore, xenobiotics bind along the sites of the nucleic acid with the aim of changing its structure, its genetic message, and, implicitly, its functions. Currently, there are several mechanisms known to be involved in DNA binding. These mechanisms are covalent and non-covalent interactions. The covalent interaction or metal base coordination is an irreversible binding and it is represented by an intra-/interstrand cross-link. The non-covalent interaction is generally a reversible binding and it is represented by intercalation between DNA base pairs, insertion, major and/or minor groove binding, and electrostatic interactions with the sugar phosphate DNA backbone. In the present review, we focus on the types of DNA–metal complex interactions (including some representative examples) and on presenting the methods currently used to study them. Show less

Foundations of Immunometabolism and Implications for Metabolic Health and Disease

V Hotamisligil, ED Werner, J Giraud +1206 more · 2017 · Immunity · Elsevier · added 2026-04-20

V Hotamisligil, ED Werner, J Giraud, YH Lee, SE Shoelson, MF White, MC Arkan, AL Hevener, FR Greten, S Maeda, ZW Li, JM Long, A Wynshaw-Boris, G Poli, J Olefsky, M Karin, N Arpaia, C Campbell, X Fan, S Dikiy, J van der Veeken, P deRoos, H Liu, JR Cross, K Pfeffer, PJ Coffer, DB Ballak, R Stienstra, A Hijmans, LA Joosten, MG Netea, CJ Tack, PJ Barnes, AM Bernstein, MF Roizen, L Martinez, SA Berson, RS Yalow, B Beutler, D Greenwald, JD Hulmes, M Chang, YC Pan, J Mathison, R Ulevitch, A Cerami, P Bhargava, C Li, KJ Stanya, D Jacobi, L Dai, S Liu, MR Gangl, DA Harn, CH Lee, G Boden, X Duan, C Homko, EJ Molina, W Song, O Perez, P Cheung, S Merali, E Boriushkin, JJ Wang, J Li, M Bhatta, SX Zhang, SE Borst, GJ Bagby, JR Brestoff, BS Kim, SA Saenz, RR Stine, LA Monticelli, GF Sonnenberg, JJ Thome, DL Farber, K Lutfy, P Seale, JS Burrill, EK Long, B Reilly, Y Deng, IM Armitage, PE Scherer, DA Bernlohr, V Byles, AJ Covarrubias, I Ben-Sahra, DW Lamming, DM Sabatini, BD Manning, T Horng, D Cai, M Yuan, DF Frantz, PA Melendez, L Hansen, J Lee, JS Campbell, L Prichard, F Schaper, J Schmitz, A Stephenson-Famy, ME Rosenfeld, GM Argast, PC Heinrich, N Fausto, H Cao, K Gerhold, JR Mayers, MM Wiest, SM Watkins, GS Hotamisligil, M Sekiya, ME Ertunc, MF Burak, A White, K Inouye, LM Rickey, BC Ercal, M Furuhashi, SS Cao, KL Luo, L Shi, EA Carswell, LJ Old, RL Kassel, S Green, N Fiore, B Williamson, CH Chang, JD Curtis, LB Maggi, B Faubert, AV Villarino, D O'Sullivan, SC Huang, GJ van der Windt, J Blagih, J Qiu, HR Chang, HJ Kim, X Xu, AW Ferrante, YH Chang, KT Ho, SH Lu, CN Huang, MY Shiau, A Chawla, KD Nguyen, YP Goh, KW Cho, BF Zamarron, LA Muir, K Singer, CE Porsche, JB DelProposto, L Geletka, KA Meyer, RW O'Rourke, CN Lumeng, KJ Chung, A Chatzigeorgiou, M Economopoulou, R Garcia-Martin, VI Alexaki, I Mitroulis, M Nati, J Gebler, T Ziemssen, SE Goelz, I Cimen, B Kocaturk, S Koyuncu, O Tufanli, UI Onat, AD Yildirim, O Apaydin, S Demirsoy, ZG Aykut, UT Nguyen, DE Cintra, JR Pauli, EP Araujo, JC Moraes, CT de Souza, M Milanski, J Morari, A Gambero, MJ Saad, LA Velloso, P Cohen, JD Levy, Y Zhang, A Frontini, DP Kolodin, KJ Svensson, JC Lo, X Zeng, L Ye, MJ Khandekar, KD Copps, P Cornelius, M Marlowe, MD Lee, PH Pekala, RM da Costa, KB Neves, FL Mestriner, P Louzada-Junior, T Bruder-Nascimento, RC Tostes, P Darkhal, M Gao, Y Ma, D Liu, JE Davis, NK Gabler, J Walker-Daniels, ME Spurlock, S Bordin, R Ashimine, RL Zollner, AC Boschero, J DeFuria, AC Belkina, M Jagannathan-Bogdan, J Snyder-Cappione, JD Carr, YR Nersesova, D Markham, KJ Strissel, AA Watkins, M Zhu, MY Donath, EC Drobny, EC Abramson, G Baumann, K Duvel, JL Yecies, S Menon, P Raman, AI Lipovsky, AL Souza, E Triantafellow, Q Ma, R Gorski, S Cleaver, MJ Ebstein W, JA Ehses, A Perren, E Eppler, P Ribaux, JA Pospisilik, R Maor-Cahn, X Gueripel, H Ellingsgaard, MK Schneider, G Biollaz, SC Eisenbarth, A Williams, OR Colegio, H Meng, T Strowig, A Rongvaux, J Henao-Mejia, CA Thaiss, S Joly, DG Gonzalez, E Erbay, VR Babaev, L Makowski, KN Charles, ME Snitow, S Fazio, MF Linton, B Everts, E Amiel, AM Smith, WY Lam, V Redmann, TC Freitas, R Faggioni, G Fantuzzi, C Gabay, A Moser, CA Dinarello, KR Feingold, C Grunfeld, R Fan, A Toubal, S Goni, K Drareni, Z Huang, F Alzaid, R Ballaire, P Ancel, N Liang, A Damdimopoulos, M Soued, I Staprans, LA Gavin, ME Donahue, BJ Huang, AH Moser, R Gulli, R Feinstein, H Kanety, MZ Papa, B Lunenfeld, A Karasik, M Feuerer, L Herrero, D Cipolletta, A Naaz, J Wong, A Nayer, AB Goldfine, C Benoist, S Shoelson, B Feve, JP Bastard, K Fischer, HH Ruiz, K Jhun, B Finan, DJ Oberlin, V van der Heide, AV Kalinovich, N Petrovic, Y Wolf, C Clemmensen, MJ Fox, JF Kuzma, WT Washam, MD Fullerton, GR Steinberg, JD Schertzer, R Fucho, CZ Gorgun, G Tuncman, Y Furusawa, Y Obata, S Fukuda, TA Endo, G Nakato, D Takahashi, Y Nakanishi, C Uetake, K Kato, T Kato, JJ Fuster, MA Zuriaga, D Thi-Minh Ngo, MG Farb, T Aprahamian, TP Yamaguchi, N Gokce, K Walsh, S Galic, S Sikkema, K Marcinko, CR Walkley, D Izon, J Honeyman, ZP Chen, BJ van Denderen, Z Gao, D Hwang, F Bataille, M Lefevre, D York, MJ Quon, J Ye, MR Ghazarian, S X, MK Nojr, H Luck, K Zeng, H Lei, S Tsai, SA Schroer, YJ Park, MHY Chng, L Shen, JA D'Angelo, P Horton, WC Chapman, D Brockmeier, M Woo, EG Engleman, O Adeyi, N Hirano, T Jin, AJ Gehring, S Winer, DA Winer, B Ghesquiere, BW Wong, A Kuchnio, P Carmeliet, B Gonzalez-Teran, N Matesanz, I Nikolic, MA Verdugo, V Sreeramkumar, L Hernandez-Cosido, A Mora, G Crainiciuc, ML Saiz, E Bernardo, TE Graham, Q Yang, M Bluher, A Hammarstedt, TP Ciaraldi, RR Henry, CJ Wason, A Oberbach, PA Jansson, U Smith, EA Green, RA Flavell, ME Griffin, MJ Marcucci, GW Cline, K Bell, N Barucci, D Lee, LJ Goodyear, EW Kraegen, GI Shulman, FX Hausberger, B Hellman, L Helson, E Carswell, E Elinav, EC Hett, LH Slater, KG Mark, T Kawate, BG Monks, A Stutz, E Latz, DT Hung, AA Hill, W Reid Bolus, AH Hasty, J Hirosumi, L Chang, KT Uysal, K Maeda, EG Hong, HJ Ko, YR Cho, Z Ma, TY Yu, RH Friedline, E Kurt-Jones, R Finberg, MA Fischer, P Arner, JF Caro, RL Atkinson, BM Spiegelman, DL Murray, LN Choy, P Peraldi, A Budavari, R Ellis, NS Shargill, J Huang, N Liao, QP Huang, ZF Xie, JY Huang, MT Chiang, SF Yet, LY Chau, A Ichimura, A Hirasawa, O Poulain-Godefroy, A Bonnefond, T Hara, L Yengo, I Kimura, A Leloire, N Liu, K Iida, WKE Ip, N Hoshi, DS Shouval, S Snapper, R Medzhitov, CO Jacob, S Aiso, SA Michie, HO McDevitt, H Acha-Orbea, AB Jenkins, LH Storlien, DJ Chisholm, AK Jha, A Sergushichev, V Lampropoulou, Y Ivanova, E Loginicheva, K Chmielewski, KM Stewart, J Ashall, Y Ji, S Sun, A Xu, L Yang, KS Lam, B Gao, S Kersten, L Qi, AB Johnson, M Argyraki, JC Thow, BG Cooper, G Fulcher, R Taylor, FR Jornayvaz, AL Birkenfeld, MJ Jurczak, S Kanda, BA Guigni, DC Jiang, D Zhang, HY Lee, VT Samuel, D Jullien, JF Tanti, SJ Heydrick, N Gautier, T Gremeaux, E Van Obberghen, Y Le Marchand-Brustel, H Kaneto, Y Nakatani, T Miyatsuka, D Kawamori, TA Matsuoka, M Matsuhisa, Y Kajimoto, H Ichijo, Y Yamasaki, M Hori, R Hemi, PA Kern, M Saghizadeh, JM Ong, RJ Bosch, R Deem, RB Simsolo, T Higashimori, SY Park, H Choi, J Dong, YJ Kim, HL Noh, G Cline, YB Kim, JK Kim, JJ Fillmore, MJ Sunshine, B Albrecht, DW Kim, ZX Liu, TJ Soos, WR O'Brien, A Kleinridders, D Schenten, AC Konner, BF Belgardt, J Mauer, T Okamura, FT Wunderlich, JC Bruning, D Kolodin, N van Panhuys, AM Magnuson, CM Miller, A Wagers, RN Germain, D Mathis, E Kopp, S Ghosh, A Kosteli, E Sugaru, G Haemmerle, JF Martin, J Lei, R Zechner, V Kothari, JA Galdo, ST Mathews, M Koulmanda, M Bhasin, Z Awdeh, A Qipo, Z Fan, D Hanidziar, P Putheti, H Shi, E Csizuadia, TA Libermann, M Kratz, BR Coats, KB Hisert, D Hagman, V Mutskov, E Peris, KQ Schoenfelt, JN Kuzma, I Larson, PS Billing, H Kwon, S Laurent, Y Tang, H Zong, P Vemulapalli, JE Pessin, GI Lancaster, MA Febbraio, CH Lang, C Dobrescu, JY Lee, HS Youn, WH Lee, L Zhao, N Sizemore, DH Hwang, MW Lee, JI Odegaard, L Mukundan, Y Qiu, AB Molofsky, JC Nussbaum, K Yun, RM Locksley, AP Petkova, JG Granneman, M Li, DH Kim, PL Tsenovoy, SJ Peterson, R Rezzani, LF Rodella, WS Aronow, S Ikehara, NG Abraham, P Li, M Lu, G Bandyopadhyay, D Oh, T Imamura, AM Johnson, D Sears, Z Shen, B Cui, Z Li, MJ Soloski, AM Diehl, H Liang, B Yin, H Zhang, S Zhang, Q Zeng, J Wang, X Jiang, L Yuan, CY Wang, PR Ling, BR Bistrian, B Mendez, NW Istfan, AE Locke, B Kahali, SI Berndt, AE Justice, TH Pers, FR Day, C Powell, S Vedantam, ML Buchkovich, J Yang, S Loffreda, SQ Yang, HZ Lin, CL Karp, ML Brengman, DJ Wang, AS Klein, GB Bulkley, C Bao, PW Noble, JW Lowenthal, DW Ballard, E Bohnlein, WC Greene, JL Bodzin, AR Saltiel, SM Deyoung, L Lynch, K Maedler, P Sergeev, F Ris, J Oberholzer, HI Joller-Jemelka, GA Spinas, N Kaiser, PA Halban, JR Mahoney, BA Beutler, N Le Trang, W Vine, Y Ikeda, M Kawakami, PD Miles, OM Romeo, K Higo, A Cohen, K Rafaat, JM Olefsky, HE Liang, SJ Van Dyken, LE Cheng, A Mohapatra, M Monetti, MC Levin, MJ Watt, MP Sajan, S Marmor, BK Hubbard, RD Stevens, JR Bain, CB Newgard, RV Farese, DL Morris, JL Delproposto, KE Oatmen, LM Geletka, G Martinez-Santibanez, R Mounier, M Theret, L Arnold, S Cuvellier, L Bultot, O Goransson, N Sanz, A Ferry, K Sakamoto, M Foretz, J An, MJ Muehlbauer, LF Lien, AM Haqq, SH Shah, M Arlotto, CA Slentz, X Cui, J Mwangi, T David, F Brombacher, S Nishimura, I Manabe, M Nagasaki, K Eto, H Yamashita, M Ohsugi, M Otsu, K Hara, K Ueki, S Sugiura, S Takaki, J Sugita, K Yoshimura, I Komuro, LA O'Neill, DG Hardie, DY Oh, S Talukdar, EJ Bae, H Morinaga, W Fan, WJ Lu, A Oliff, D Defeo-Jones, M Boyer, D Martinez, D Kiefer, G Vuocolo, A Wolfe, SH Socher, EA Oral, SM Reilly, AV Gomez, R Meral, L Butz, N Ajluni, TL Chenevert, E Korytnaya, AH Neidert, R Hench, L Osborn, S Kunkel, GJ Nabel, N Ouchi, A Higuchi, K Ohashi, Y Oshima, R Shibata, Y Akasaki, A Shimono, U Ozcan, Q Cao, E Yilmaz, AH Lee, NN Iwakoshi, E Ozdelen, C Gorgun, LH Glimcher, J Palmblad, D Hallberg, L Engstedt, N Pamir, NC Liu, A Irwin, L Becker, Y Peng, GE Ronsein, KE Bornfeldt, JS Duffield, JW Heinecke, SH Park, Z Liu, Y Sui, RN Helsley, B Zhu, DK Powell, C Zhou, P Pekala, MD Lane, MC Petersen, AK Madiraju, BM Gassaway, M Marcel, AR Nasiri, G Butrico, A Abulizi, XM Zhang, P Plomgaard, K Bouzakri, R Krogh-Madsen, B Mittendorfer, JR Zierath, BK Pedersen, CP Fischer, T Ibfelt, G van Hall, X Tian, RD Palmiter, D Rabinowitz, KL Zierler, PJ Randle, PB Garland, CN Hales, EA Newsholme, ME Rausch, S Weisberg, P Vardhana, DV Tortoriello, RM Raymond, JM Harkema, TE Emerson, SH Chiang, SJ Decker, M Uhm, MJ Larsen, JR Rubin, J Mowers, NM White, I Hochberg, C Reinhard, B Shamoon, V Shyamala, LT Williams, RR Ricardo-Gonzalez, A Red Eagle, H Jouihan, CR Morel, JE Heredia, D Wu, G Sabio, M Das, Z Zhang, JY Jun, T Barrett, RJ Davis, WT Garvey, AJ Scheen, N Esser, N Paquot, H Sell, C Habich, J Eckel, CN Serhan, C Serra, M Federici, A Buongiorno, MI Senni, S Morelli, E Segratella, M Pascuccio, C Tiveron, E Mattei, L Tatangelo, B Shan, X Wang, Y Wu, C Xu, Z Xia, J Dai, M Shao, F Zhao, S He, D Shungin, TW Winkler, DC Croteau-Chonka, T Ferreira, R Magi, RJ Strawbridge, N Silswal, AK Singh, B Aruna, S Mukhopadhyay, NZ Ehtesham, PM Smith, MR Howitt, N Panikov, M Michaud, CA Gallini, YM Bohlooly, JN Glickman, WS Garrett, RG Snodgrass, S Huang, IW Choi, JC Rutledge, D Artis, SC Sookoian, C Gonzalez, CJ Pirola, O Spadaro, CD Camell, L Bosurgi, KY Nguyen, YH Youm, CV Rothlin, VD Dixit, M Spite, J Claria, JJ Spitzer, K Meszaros, JL Barlow, JP Mizgerd, JM Stephens, CM Steppan, ST Bailey, S Bhat, EJ Brown, RR Banerjee, CM Wright, HR Patel, RS Ahima, MA Lazar, T Koenen, B van Tits, JA van Diepen, SA van den Berg, PC Rensen, PJ Voshol, MH Zaki, FL van de Veerdonk, D Perera, GA Neale, GJ Hooiveld, I Vroegrijk, ME Shaul, G Bennett, AS Greenberg, MS Obin, J Szendroedi, T Yoshimura, E Phielix, C Koliaki, M Marcucci, T Jelenik, J Muller, C Herder, P Nowotny, NA Talbot, CP Wheeler-Jones, ME Cleasby, D Li, J Xu, J McNelis, Q Yan, Y Zhu, S Tanaka, S Inoue, F Isoda, M Waseda, M Ishihara, T Yamakawa, A Sugiyama, Y Takamura, K Okuda, GM Tannahill, AM Curtis, J Adamik, EM Palsson-McDermott, AF McGettrick, G Goel, C Frezza, NJ Bernard, B Kelly, NH Foley, DC Thurmond, E Oh, RA Miller, E Tsaousidou, L Paeger, M Pal, CM Wunderlich, H Bronneke, U Collienne, B Hampel, M Schmidt-Supprian, G Solinas, F Urano, A Bertolotti, P Chung, HP Harding, D Ron, SM Wiesbrock, MW Marino, T Van der Poll, JA Romijn, E Endert, JJ Borm, HR Buller, HP Sauerwein, B Vandanmagsar, A Ravussin, JE Galgani, K Stadler, RL Mynatt, E Ravussin, JR Vane, J Ventre, T Doebber, M Wu, K MacNaul, K Stevens, M Pasparakis, G Kollias, DE Moller, G Waeber, J Delplanque, C Bonny, V Mooser, M Steinmann, C Widmann, A Maillard, J Miklossy, C Dina, EH Hani, R Wang, DR Green, SP Weisberg, D McCann, M Desai, M Rosenbaum, RL Leibel, H Wen, D Gris, Y Lei, S Jha, L Zhang, MT Huang, WJ Brickey, JP Ting, I Wernstedt Asterholm, C Tao, TS Morley, QA Wang, F Delgado-Lopez, ZV Wang, PP Wadia, J Yantha, G Paltser, H Tsui, P Wu, MG Davidson, MN Alonso, Y Chan, D Truong, J Bahrami, R Dorfman, Y Wang, J Zielenski, F Mastronardi, S Boura-Halfon, N Cortese, Z Haimon, H Sar Shalom, Y Kuperman, V Kalchenko, A Brandis, E David, Y Segal-Hayoun, SC Woods, DP Begg, M Xie, Y Yu, R Kang, S Zhu, L Zeng, X Sun, M Yang, TR Billiar, H Wang, H Xu, GT Barnes, G Tan, D Yang, CJ Chou, J Sole, A Nichols, JS Ross, LA Tartaglia, H Yan, Y Gao, H Yang, JM Gimble, F Greenway, ES Calay, J Fan, A Arduini, RC Kunz, SP Gygi, A Yalcin, S Fu, N Mody, F Preitner, OD Peroni, JM Zabolotny, K Kotani, L Quadro, BB Kahn, MM Yore, I Syed, PM Moraes-Vieira, T Zhang, MA Herman, EA Homan, RT Patel, S Chen, C Yu, Y Chen, R Bergeron, SW Cushman, GJ Cooney, N Konstantopoulos, K Zhang, RJ Kaufman, X Zhang, G Zhang, H Bai, T Zhao, M Hou, M Xia, Q Wang, H Zhu, Y Xiao, Z Tang, J Ma, W Ling, Y Zhao, Z Jiang, E Delgado, H Li, H Zhou, W Hu, M Perez-Basterrechea, A Janostakova, Q Tan, R Zhou, A Tardivel, B Thorens, I Choi, J Tschopp Show 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Highly ordered interactions between immune and metabolic responses are evolutionarily conserved and paramount for tissue and organismal health. Disruption of these interactions underlies the emergence of many pathologies, particularly chronic non-communicable diseases such as obesity and diabetes. Here, we examine decades of research identifying the complex immunometabolic signaling networks and the cellular and molecular events that occur in the setting of altered nutrient and energy exposures and offer a historical perspective. Furthermore, we describe recent advances such as the discovery that a broad complement of immune cells play a role in immunometabolism and the emerging evidence that nutrients and metabolites modulate inflammatory pathways. Lastly, we discuss how this work may eventually lead to tangible therapeutic advancements to promote health. Show less

no PDF DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2017.08.009

review

👤 N Sanz

Metal-Based Drug–DNA Interactions and Analytical Determination Methods

Foundations of Immunometabolism and Implications for Metabolic Health and Disease