2024 · Cancer & Metabolism · BioMed Central · added 2026-04-21
Background Hypoxia is a common feature of many solid tumors and causes radiotherapy and immunotherapy resistance. Pharmacological inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has emerged as a ther Show more
Background Hypoxia is a common feature of many solid tumors and causes radiotherapy and immunotherapy resistance. Pharmacological inhibition of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) has emerged as a therapeutic strategy to reduce hypoxia. However, the OXPHOS inhibitors tested in clinical trials caused only moderate responses in hypoxia alleviation or trials were terminated due to dose-limiting toxicities. To improve the therapeutic benefit, FDA approved OXPHOS inhibitors (e.g. atovaquone) were conjugated to triphenylphosphonium ( TPP+) to preferentially target Show less